Principal Component Analysis of Morphostructural Indices of Noiler Chickens
Keywords:
Compactness, Factor score, Morphological architecture, Morphological indices, Sexual dimorphismAbstract
Morphological architecture is central to description, characterization, classification and utility of a species. Six (6)
morphological indices{compactness (CMP), massiveness (MAS), condition index (CID), stockiness (STK), long
leggedness (LLG) and body index (BDI)} were used to describe and predict body weight of male (52) and female
(62) Noiler chickens using stepwise regression analyses of morphological indices and principal component analysis
(PCA) factor scores. Descriptive analysis revealed significant (P<0.05) sexual dimorphism in favour of male in all
morphological indices except (P>0.05) in STK, BDI and LLG. Two PCs accounting for 89.11% and 89.16% of total
variation were extracted for male and female chickens, respectively while CMP (male, 0.961; female, 0.953), CID
(male, 0.889; female, 0.907) and MAS (male, 0.833; female, 0.820) had highest correlations with BWT in PC 1 of
both sexes. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that CMP was the most important predicting morphological index
accounting for 73.70%; and 78.10% prediction accuracy (R2
) of BWT of cocks and hens, respectively. Regression
analysis of factor scores of PCs indicated that PC 1 of the two sexes yielded the best prediction models and explained
89.70% and 91.00% of total variation in BWT of male and female Noiler chickens, respectively. Sexual dimorphism
is evident and application of PC factor score models is more reliable in predicting BWT of male and female Noiler
chickens than interdependent morphological indices because of its orthogonality and higher prediction accuracy.
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