The Effect of the Humic Substances and Thyme on Carcass Parameters of Broiler Chickens
Keywords:
broiler chickens, carcass parameters, humic substances, thyme (Thymus vulgaris)Abstract
The aim of this experiment was to determine the influence of humic substances or humic substances and thyme on carcass parameters of broiler chickens. A total of 60 Ross 308 broiler chickens were divided into 3 groups (n=20). The control group of chickens was fed with complete feed mixtures without any additives. Chickens in the first experimental group were fed a diet containing 1.5% of humic substances. Chickens in the second experimental group were fed a diet containing 1.5% of humic substances and 0.5% of thyme. In 42 day of fattening, 5 male and 5 females with body weight similar to the mean were chosen from each group of chickens. The carcass weight (g), the breast and thigh percentages (%), edible weight (g) and carcass yield (%) were recorded. We found statistical significant increase (P<0.05) of heart weight in the first experimental group in comparison with other groups. The favourable tendency of the effect of the supplements used, although without a statistically significant differences (P>0.05), was observed in both experimental groups in liver and gizzard weights. We recorded statistically non-significant differences (P>0.05) in carcass weight, carcass yield, breast a thigh percentage in the both experimental groups compared with control group.
References
Khan, R. U., Nikousefat, Z., Tufarelli, V., Naz, S., Javdani, M., Laudadio, V., Garlic (Allium sativum) supplementation in poultry diets: effect on production and physiology, World´s Poultry Science Journal, 2012, 68, 417-424.
Giannenas, I. A., Florou-Paneri, P., Botsoglou, N. A., Christaki, E., Spais, A. B., Effect of supplementing feed with oregano and/or alpha-tocopheryl acetate on growth of broilerchickens and oxidative stability of meat, Journal ofAnimal and Feed Sciences, 2005, 14, 521-535.
Vašková, J., Veliká, B., Pilátová, M., Kron, I., Vaško, L., Effect of humic acid in vitro. Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Animal, 2011, 47, 376-382.
Ozturk, E., Ocak, N., Turan, A., Cankaya, S., Performance, carcass, gastrointestinal tract and meat quality traits, and selected blood parameters of broilers fed diets supplemented with humic substances, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 2012, 92, 59-65.
Nagaraju, R., Reddy, B. S. V., Gloridoss, R., Effect of dietary supplementation of humic acids on performance of broilers, Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 2014, 84, 154-164.
Puvača, N., Stanaćev, V., Glamocic, D., Levic, J., Peric, L., Stanacev, V., Milic, D., Beneficial effects of phytoadditives in broiler nutrition, Worlds Poultry Science Journal, 2013, 69, 27-34.
Angelovičová, M., Kačániová, M., Angelovič, M., Lopašovský, Ľ., Per os use of Thymi aetheroleum for growth performance of the broiler chickens, Potravinárstvo, 2010, 4, 127-132.
Dahiya, J. P., Wilkie, D. C., van Kessel, A. G., Drew, M. D., Potential strategies for controlling necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens in post-antibiotic era. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2006, 129, 60-88.
Rath, N. C., Huff, W. E., Huff, G. R., Effects of humic acid on broiler chickens, Poultry Science, 2006, 85, 410-414.
Krause, E. L., Ternes, W., Bioavailability of the antioxidative thyme compounds thymol and p-cymene-2,3-diol in eggs. European Food Research and Technology, 1999, 29, 140-144.
Mansoub, N. H., Comparative effect of using garlic as probiotic performance and serum composition of broiler chickens, Animals of Biological Research, 2011, 2, 486-490.
Fiamegos, Y. C., Kastritis, P. L., Exarchouv et al., Antimicrobial and efflux pump inhibitory activity of caffeoylquinic acids from Artemisia absinthium against gram-positive pathogenic bacteria, Plos One, 2011, 6, 1-12.
Marcinčáková, D., Mačanga, J., Nagy, J., Marcinčák, S., Popelka, P., Vašková, J., Jaďuttová, I., Mellen, M., Effect of supplementation of the diet with humic acids on growth performance and carcass yield of broilers, Folia Veterinaria, 2015, 59, 165-168.
Abdullah, Y. A., Kamel, Z. M., Basheer, M. N., Rasha, I. Q., Small intestinal histology, production parameters, and meat quality as influenced by dietary supplementation of garlic (Allium sativum) in broiler chicks, Italian Journal of Animal Science, 2010, 9, e80.
Marcinčák, S., Popelka, P., Zdolec, N. et al., Effect of supplementation of phytogenic feed additives on performance parameters and meat quality of broiler chickens, Slovenian Veterinary Research, 2011, 48, 27-34.
Petrovič, V., Marcinčák, S., Popelka, P. et al., The effect of supplementation of clove and agrimony and clove and lemon balm on growth performance, antioxidant status and selected indices of lipid profile of broiler chicklens. Journal of animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 96, 2012, 970-977.
Ashayerizadeh, O., Daster, B., Shargh, M. S., Use of garlic (Allium sativum L.), black cumin seed and wild mint (Mentha longifolia) in broiler chicken diets, Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advence, 2009, 8, 1860-1863.
Brzoska, F., Sliwinski, B., Michalik-Rutkowska, O., et al., The effect of garlic (Allium sativum L.) on growth performance, mortality rate, meat and blood parameters in broilers, Annals of Animal Science, 2015, 15, 961-975.
Raeesi, M., Hoseini-Aliabad S. A., Roofchaee, A., Zare Shahneh A., Pirali, S., Effect of Periodically Use of Garlic (Allium sativum) Powder on Performance and Carcas Characteristics in Broiler Chickens, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, 2010, 68, 1213-1219.
Kirkpinar, F., Ünlü H. B., Özdemir G., Effects of oregano and garlic essential oils on performance, carcase, organ and blood characteristics and intestinal microflora of broilers, Livestock Science, 2011, 137, 219–225.
Karaoglu, M., Macit, M., Esenbuga, N., Effect of Supplemental Humate at Different Levels on the Growth Performance, Slaughter and Carcass Traits of Broilers, Poultry Science, 2004, 3, 406-410.
Avci, M., Denek, N., Kaplan, O., Effects of Humic Acid at Different Levels on Growth Performance, Carcass Yields and Some Biochemical Parameters of Quails, Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 2007, 6, 1-4.
Slyranda, B. A., Kennedy, I., Asha,´A.Y. Ado, Joel Bakari Nuhu, Auwal, A., Usman, A., Muhammad, B. G., Mohammed, A. I., Haruna, A., Mohammed, M. B., Hama,´A. M. I., Patrik, T., N., Effect of feeding valgaris L) on growth, blood constituents, gastrointestinal tract and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens, Journal of Poultry Science, 46, 100-104.
Slyranda, B. A. , Kennedy, I. , Asha` Adatu, Y. A. , Joel, B. N. , Auwal, A., Usman, A. , Muhammad, B. G. , Mohammed, A. I. , Haruna, A. , Mohammed, M. B. , Hama`Adama, M. I., Patrick, T. N., Effects of Feeding Onion (Allium cepa) and Garlic (Allium sativum) on some Performance Characteristic of Broiler Chickens. Research Journal of Poultry Science, 2011, 4, 22-27.
Mirnawati-Rizal, Y., Marlida, Y., Effect of humic acid addition via drinking water on the performance of broilers fed diets containing fermented and non-fermented palm kernel cake, Archiva zootechnica, 2013, 16, 41-53.
Arczewska-Wlosek, A., Swiatkiewicz, S., Improved performance due to dietary supplementation with selected herbal extracts of broiler chickens infected with Eimeria spp., Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences, 2013, 22, 3, 257-263.
Milošević, N., Vidica Stanaćev, V., Perić, L., Stojčić, M. D., Veljić, M., Effects of different levels of garlic powder in the diet on production parameters and slaughter traits of broiler chickens. Einfluss verschiedener Zulagen an Knoblauchpulver zum Futter auf Leistung und Schlachtkörpermerkmale von Broilern, Archiv für Geflügelkunde, 2013, 77, 254–259.
Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., Marliana, M. M., Turki A., Material Properties Of Epoxy-Reinforced Biocomposites With Lignin From Empty Fruit Bunch As Curing Agent. BioResources, 2011, 6, 5206-5223.
Shirzadegan, K., Reactions of Modern Broiler Chickens to Administration of Cinnamon Powder in the Diet, Iranian Journal of Applied Animal Science, 2014, 4, 371-367.
